通过 RPC 查询数据
内容
通过 RPC 查询数据¶
单击顶部栏上的🚀 -> Binder在线运行此示例！
准备¶
# 准备阶段: 初始化 w3 对象
from conflux_web3 import Web3
w3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider("https://test.confluxrpc.com"))
# 准备后文需要的常量
transaction_hash = "0x10a721e2654523a7ff682c1c8d3f868a9fdf78a3be1858bbe1f06147128d6d94"
epoch = 98943500
通过 RPC 查询数据¶
我们可以使用 SDK 通过 JSON-RPC 来查询区块链状态、交易数据、区块数据等。完整的 RPC 文档可以在这里找到。
查询区块链状态¶
# get_status 提供了区块链当前状态的概览
w3.cfx.get_status()
AttributeDict({'bestHash': HexBytes('0xfccec01b7d00bf7c60039ac24e832cda36c3f99847d85bdebea5ad9c23e72af0'),
'chainId': 1,
'ethereumSpaceChainId': 71,
'networkId': 1,
'epochNumber': 99720385,
'blockNumber': 127806496,
'pendingTxNumber': 0,
'latestCheckpoint': 99640000,
'latestConfirmed': 99720321,
'latestState': 99720381,
'latestFinalized': 99719940})
多个 RPC 方法都可以接受epoch number 参数。epoch number（纪元）参数可以是：
一个整数
或者是字符串形式的 epoch tag
latest_mined,latest_state,latest_confirmed或latest_finalized
Conflux 中的epoch number的概念类似于其他区块链中的block number的概念，但一个 epoch 包含一个或多个区块。详细信息请参阅 https://developer.confluxnetwork.org/conflux-doc/docs/json_rpc#the-default-epochnumber-parameter。
# latest_mined epoch number
print(f"latest_mined epoch number: {w3.cfx.epoch_number}")
# 通过 tag 获取纪元
print(f'latest_state epoch numebr: {w3.cfx.epoch_number_by_tag("latest_state")}')
latest_mined epoch number: 99720385
latest_state epoch numebr: 99720381
查询交易¶
# 通过交易哈希获取交易
# 交易发出后这个 RPC 立刻可用
w3.cfx.get_transaction_by_hash(transaction_hash)
AttributeDict({'hash': HexBytes('0x10a721e2654523a7ff682c1c8d3f868a9fdf78a3be1858bbe1f06147128d6d94'),
'nonce': 2,
'blockHash': HexBytes('0xf0ac5f8d757a7415876e322a245d5eff76349b656b3eadb10d5e09a4a3f7d59d'),
'transactionIndex': 0,
'from': 'cfxtest:aan2vyszrgz3sr3tug73ywb8k128y5wa7yhpjm1hn1',
'to': 'cfxtest:acejjfa80vj06j2jgtz9pngkv423fhkuxj786kjr61',
'value': 0 Drip,
'gasPrice': 1000000000 Drip,
'gas': 41633,
'contractCreated': None,
'data': HexBytes('0x5f3cc9f7'),
'storageLimit': 0,
'epochHeight': 87083312,
'chainId': 1,
'status': 0,
'v': 1,
'r': HexBytes('0x17b30481d63a49223092215a2aa503938519df5cac0d20cbff7ebf50569776cd'),
's': HexBytes('0x5fc96a1e383879cf66c09d106b2df4907c674a263c9a7bba602078c90b0038b1')})
# 通过交易哈希获取交易receipt
# 交易执行后才能获取到 receipt
w3.cfx.get_transaction_receipt(transaction_hash)
AttributeDict({'transactionHash': HexBytes('0x10a721e2654523a7ff682c1c8d3f868a9fdf78a3be1858bbe1f06147128d6d94'),
'index': 0,
'blockHash': HexBytes('0xf0ac5f8d757a7415876e322a245d5eff76349b656b3eadb10d5e09a4a3f7d59d'),
'epochNumber': 87083316,
'from': 'cfxtest:aan2vyszrgz3sr3tug73ywb8k128y5wa7yhpjm1hn1',
'to': 'cfxtest:acejjfa80vj06j2jgtz9pngkv423fhkuxj786kjr61',
'gasUsed': 35480,
'gasFee': 35480000000000 Drip,
'contractCreated': None,
'logs': [],
'logsBloom': HexBytes('0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'),
'stateRoot': HexBytes('0xdbfbe3f9b08aa5fb04ca5218ebc245b3941cce9d30409ab854456f3070b454f6'),
'outcomeStatus': 0,
'txExecErrorMsg': None,
'gasCoveredBySponsor': True,
'storageCoveredBySponsor': True,
'storageCollateralized': 0,
'storageReleased': []})
查询块¶
在 Conflux 中，每个 epoch 包含 1 个或多个区块，其中一个块称为pivot区块。pivot区块确定各个 epoch 中都包含哪些区块。
# 查询某个 epoch 中包含的区块
block_hashes = w3.cfx.get_blocks_by_epoch(epoch)
print(f"blocks in epoch {epoch}:\n{block_hashes}")
# block_hashes 中最后一个元素一定为 pivot 区块
print(f"pivot block hash of epoch {epoch}: {block_hashes[-1].hex()}")
blocks in epoch 98943500:
[HexBytes('0xae622377e139608a9202504df4bf20570c4741370d36f668952ae91c57c5da69'), HexBytes('0x104a3549108c7c83a36c65d188e842f6deb9a770d3ca749a222fce628846c04b')]
pivot block hash of epoch 98943500: 0x104a3549108c7c83a36c65d188e842f6deb9a770d3ca749a222fce628846c04b
# 如果某个区块为 pivot 区块, 我们可以通过 epoch 查询到该区块
# 当然，我们也可以通过哈希查询区块
assert w3.cfx.get_block_by_epoch_number(epoch) == w3.cfx.get_block_by_hash(block_hashes[-1])
# get_block_by_epoch_number 也支持通过 epoch tag 查询
w3.cfx.get_block_by_epoch_number("latest_state")
AttributeDict({'hash': HexBytes('0x37ab44387ae132e3eea6c666bfb5cd58af50d0b172ab21b0be5ff85073bc5592'),
'parentHash': HexBytes('0x9130a237d15b696d48daf1decf6f2908a98a57c9d2b543d1cce7f55c296cf7fd'),
'height': 99720383,
'miner': 'cfxtest:aang4d91rejdbpgmgtmspdyefxkubj2bbywrwm9j3z',
'deferredStateRoot': HexBytes('0x48edc4d8dbe77ac589cf30087ad3165ee533101882698812f9f4bcff0ff66252'),
'deferredReceiptsRoot': HexBytes('0x09f8709ea9f344a810811a373b30861568f5686e649d6177fd92ea2db7477508'),
'deferredLogsBloomHash': HexBytes('0xd397b3b043d87fcd6fad1291ff0bfd16401c274896d8c63a923727f077b8e0b5'),
'blame': 0,
'transactionsRoot': HexBytes('0xc5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470'),
'epochNumber': 99720383,
'blockNumber': 127806493,
'gasLimit': 30000000,
'gasUsed': 0,
'timestamp': 1668507784,
'difficulty': 58688104,
'powQuality': HexBytes('0x12b15fcb'),
'refereeHashes': [HexBytes('0xb18df88debc7ab3fb8a2dc105e927d9f2bc6575b5a38c5e84b5c84c7c41b5525')],
'adaptive': False,
'nonce': HexBytes('0x2caff98a7d0bf272'),
'size': 0,
'custom': [HexBytes('0x02')],
'posReference': HexBytes('0x11f970d63eb9eaf581315b67f2258c0c59ad13572be29a2187c900ac576d3003'),
'transactions': []})
# 通过 block number 查询也是可行的
w3.cfx.get_block_by_block_number(110979562)
AttributeDict({'hash': HexBytes('0xf0ac5f8d757a7415876e322a245d5eff76349b656b3eadb10d5e09a4a3f7d59d'),
'parentHash': HexBytes('0xeaf2f6227c068ae27cb847657af7eb7e3cfd6696f5a795d2f38159074d20a8c9'),
'height': 87083316,
'miner': 'cfxtest:aaskvgxcfej371g4ecepx9an78ngrke5ay9f8jtbgg',
'deferredStateRoot': HexBytes('0xa26347f02f312db0fba655c29b9fa853e8e6242449a67added74c62679122f62'),
'deferredReceiptsRoot': HexBytes('0x09f8709ea9f344a810811a373b30861568f5686e649d6177fd92ea2db7477508'),
'deferredLogsBloomHash': HexBytes('0xd397b3b043d87fcd6fad1291ff0bfd16401c274896d8c63a923727f077b8e0b5'),
'blame': 0,
'transactionsRoot': HexBytes('0xdc62bb0e7115a9727688811f4e090efdfd203a516953ff7829e21dea29e1f166'),
'epochNumber': 87083316,
'blockNumber': 110979562,
'gasLimit': 30000000,
'gasUsed': 35480,
'timestamp': 1660093852,
'difficulty': 54757256,
'powQuality': HexBytes('0x0365f39d'),
'refereeHashes': [],
'adaptive': False,
'nonce': HexBytes('0xe72421314ac723e6'),
'size': 113,
'custom': [HexBytes('0x01')],
'posReference': HexBytes('0xe7c39fb3312519d78e5606ef4d9040b558b852e7af439a8fcad1632de776cc06'),
'transactions': [HexBytes('0x10a721e2654523a7ff682c1c8d3f868a9fdf78a3be1858bbe1f06147128d6d94')]})
其他 RPC¶
除此之外， conflux-web3支持 cfx 命名空间下的所有 rpc 方法。JSON-RPC-methods中提供了更多信息。
这里提供了部分例子：
w3.cfx.gas_price
1000000000 Drip
len(w3.cfx.get_code("cfxtest:acejjfa80vj06j2jgtz9pngkv423fhkuxj786kjr61"))
5964